Baseline clinical characteristics for the total study population. In the 240 patients
Baseline clinical characteristics for the total study population. With the 240 individuals Activin A Protein Biological Activity switched to lurasidone from other antipsychotics, 235 individuals with obtainable information around the PETiT scale and SF-12 assessment comprised the ITTAwad et al. BMC Psychiatry 2014, 14:53 http:biomedcentral1471-244X14Page 4 ofTable 1 Patient demographics and baseline clinical characteristicsParameter N Imply age Years, SD Gender Male Female Race Asian Black or African American Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander White Other DSM-IV Wnt4 Protein site schizophrenia subtype diagnosis 295.10 Disorganized type 295.20 Catatonic type 295.30 Paranoid kind 295.60 Residual kind 295.70 Schizoaffective disorder 295.90 Undifferentiated variety Preswitch antipsychotic agent at study start Quetiapine Risperidone Aripiprazole Ziprasidone Olanzapine Paliperidone Iloperidone Asenapine First-generation antipsychotic Treatment with concomitant lithium, valproate or lamotrigine Treatment with concomitant antidepressant Mean age (SD) at initial onset of schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder, years Mean constructive and negative syndrome scale total score (SD) Imply clinical worldwide impression severity score (SD)or as indicated.83 of 235 (35 ) were treated with a preswitch sedating medication (olanzapine or quetiapine).PETiT assessmentNo. of subjects ( )43.9 (10.9)156 (65.0 ) 84 (35.0 )1 (0.four ) 151 (62.9 ) 1 (0.four ) 80 (33.three ) 7 (two.9 )The imply (normal deviation [SD]) PETiT total score for all lurasidone individuals enhanced from 35.0 (8.8) at baseline to 38.5 (9.two) at LOCF endpoint, representing a imply improvement of three.two (8.5) or 9.1 (p 0.001). Improvements from baseline to LOCF endpoint in the total score, at the same time as within the domains of adherence-related attitude (0.7 [2.6]) and psychosocial functioning (two.5 [6.9]), had been statistically considerable (p 0.002) for all sufferers who were switched to lurasidone (Table two). All elements on the psychosocial functioning domain (activity, cognitive, and dysphoria) showed substantial improvement (p 0.002) together with the exception of social functioning, where a non-significant improvement was demonstrated.PETiT scores by preswitch antipsychotic medication4 (1.7 ) 0 125 (52.1 ) 2 (0.eight ) 89 (37.1 ) 21 (8.eight )62 (25.eight ) 51 (21.three ) 44 (18.3 ) 27 (11.three ) 24 (ten.0 ) 9 (three.8 ) 4 (1.7 ) 2 (0.eight ) 17 (7.1 ) 34 (16.2 ) 104 (43.3 ) 25.1 (9.3) 68.9 (13.8) three.7 (0.five)The differences in patients’ PETiT scores were also stratified according to the antipsychotic medication applied before switching to lurasidone. To ensure a reasonable sample size for this evaluation, preswitch antipsychotic medications received by 10 of individuals in the study have been included for stratification. The medications included quetiapine (n = 62), risperidone (n = 51), aripiprazole (n = 44), ziprasidone (n = 27), and olanzapine (n = 24). Patients on all of those preswitch drugs except olanzapine showed statistically important improvements in total PETiT scores, as determined by mean adjustments from baseline to LOCF ( D): quetiapine four.2 (7.7), p = 0.011; risperidone 3.6 (7.9), p = 0.029; aripiprazole three.4 (eight.0), p = 0.010; ziprasidone five.4 (7.9), p = 0.009 (Table three). Patients on these four agents also showed important improvements on the psychosocial functioning component (all p 0.05) (Table 3). For sufferers switched from olanzapine, a numerical decrease within the total PETiT score and its elements was observed; nevertheless, this difference was not statistically considerable. Patients within the aripiprazole and ziprasidone preswi.