Rotein kinase C-dependent pathway. J Neurochem 110: 12141225. 41. Smith CB, Eiden LE Is PACAP the important neurotransmitter for stress transduction in the adrenomedullary synapse J Mol Neurosci 48: 403412. 42. Stroth N, Kuri BA, Mustafa T, Chan SA, Smith CB et al. PACAP controls adrenomedullary catecholamine secretion and expression of catecholamine biosynthetic enzymes at higher splanchnic nerve firing prices characteristic of stress transduction in male mice. Endocrinology 154: 330339. 43. Taupenot L, Mahata M, Mahata SK, O’Connor DT Time-dependent effects from the neuropeptide PACAP on catecholamine secretion: stimulation and desensitization. Hypertension 34: 11521162. 44. Aoyagi K, Takahashi M Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide enhances Ca-dependent neurotransmitter release from PC12 cells and cultured cerebellar granule cells with out affecting intracellular Ca mobilization. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 286: 646651. 45. Mustafa T, Grimaldi M, Eiden LE The hop cassette of the PAC1 receptor confers coupling to Ca2+ elevation necessary for pituitary adenylate cyclaseactivating polypeptide-evoked neurosecretion. J Biol Chem 282: 80798091. 46. Machada JD, Morales A, Gomez JF, Borges R cAMP modulates exocytotic kinetics and increases quantal size in chromaffin cells. Mol Pharmacol 60: 514520. 47. Corbitt J, Vivekananda J, Wang SS, Sturdy R Transcriptional and posttranscriptional handle of tyrosine hydroxylase gene expression in the course of persistent stimulation of pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide receptors on PC12 cells: regulation by protein kinase A-dependent and protein kinase A-independent pathways. J Neurochem 71: 478486. 7 PACAP Regulates Exocytosis in PC12 Cells 48. Nanmoku T, Isobe K, Sakurai T, Yamanaka A, Takekoshi K et al. Orexins suppress catecholamine synthesis and secretion in cultured PC12 cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 274: 310315. 49. Corbitt J, Hagerty T, Fernandez E, Morgan WW, Strong R Transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation of tyrosine hydroxylase messenger RNA in PC12 cells during persistent stimulation by VIP and PACAP38: differential regulation by protein kinase A and protein kinase Cdependent pathways. Neuropeptides 36: 3445. 50. Wong DL, Anderson LJ, Tai TC Cholinergic and peptidergic regulation of phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase gene expression. Ann N Y Acad Sci 971: 1926. 51. Grumolato L, Louiset E, Alexandre D, Ait-Ali D, Turquier V et al. PACAP and NGF regulate widespread and distinct traits of the sympathoadrenal lineage: effects on electrical properties, gene markers and transcription elements in differentiating PC12 cells. Eur J Neurosci 17: 7182. 52. Sombers LA, Maxson MM, Ewing AG Loaded dopamine is preferentially stored within the halo portion of PC12 cell dense core vesicles. J Neurochem 93: 11221131. 53. Omiatek DM, Dong Y, Heien ML, Ewing AG Only a Fraction of Quantal SC-1 Content is Released During Exocytosis as Revealed by Electrochemical Cytometry of Secretory Vesicles. ACS Chem Neurosci 1: 234245. 54. Sudhof TC Calcium control of neurotransmitter release. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol four: a011353. 55. Mohrmann R, de Wit H, MedChemExpress Lecirelin Verhage M, Neher E, Srensen JB Rapid vesicle fusion in living cells demands at the very least 3 SNARE complexes. Science 330: 502 525. 56. Mohrmann R, de Wit H, Connell E, Pinheiro PS, 15857111 Leese C et al. Synaptotagmin interaction with SNAP-25 governs vesicle docking, priming, and fusion triggering. J Neurosci 2013 33: 1441714430. 57. Grumolato L, Elkahloun AG, G.Rotein kinase C-dependent pathway. J Neurochem 110: 12141225. 41. Smith CB, Eiden LE Is PACAP the major neurotransmitter for tension transduction at the adrenomedullary synapse J Mol Neurosci 48: 403412. 42. Stroth N, Kuri BA, Mustafa T, Chan SA, Smith CB et al. PACAP controls adrenomedullary catecholamine secretion and expression of catecholamine biosynthetic enzymes at higher splanchnic nerve firing rates characteristic of stress transduction in male mice. Endocrinology 154: 330339. 43. Taupenot L, Mahata M, Mahata SK, O’Connor DT Time-dependent effects in the neuropeptide PACAP on catecholamine secretion: stimulation and desensitization. Hypertension 34: 11521162. 44. Aoyagi K, Takahashi M Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide enhances Ca-dependent neurotransmitter release from PC12 cells and cultured cerebellar granule cells with out affecting intracellular Ca mobilization. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 286: 646651. 45. Mustafa T, Grimaldi M, Eiden LE The hop cassette from the PAC1 receptor confers coupling to Ca2+ elevation required for pituitary adenylate cyclaseactivating polypeptide-evoked neurosecretion. J Biol Chem 282: 80798091. 46. Machada JD, Morales A, Gomez JF, Borges R cAMP modulates exocytotic kinetics and increases quantal size in chromaffin cells. Mol Pharmacol 60: 514520. 47. Corbitt J, Vivekananda J, Wang SS, Robust R Transcriptional and posttranscriptional control of tyrosine hydroxylase gene expression through persistent stimulation of pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide receptors on PC12 cells: regulation by protein kinase A-dependent and protein kinase A-independent pathways. J Neurochem 71: 478486. 7 PACAP Regulates Exocytosis in PC12 Cells 48. Nanmoku T, Isobe K, Sakurai T, Yamanaka A, Takekoshi K et al. Orexins suppress catecholamine synthesis and secretion in cultured PC12 cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 274: 310315. 49. Corbitt J, Hagerty T, Fernandez E, Morgan WW, Sturdy R Transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation of tyrosine hydroxylase messenger RNA in PC12 cells in the course of persistent stimulation by VIP and PACAP38: differential regulation by protein kinase A and protein kinase Cdependent pathways. Neuropeptides 36: 3445. 50. Wong DL, Anderson LJ, Tai TC Cholinergic and peptidergic regulation of phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase gene expression. Ann N Y Acad Sci 971: 1926. 51. Grumolato L, Louiset E, Alexandre D, Ait-Ali D, Turquier V et al. PACAP and NGF regulate typical and distinct traits on the sympathoadrenal lineage: effects on electrical properties, gene markers and transcription aspects in differentiating PC12 cells. Eur J Neurosci 17: 7182. 52. Sombers LA, Maxson MM, Ewing AG Loaded dopamine is preferentially stored in the halo portion of PC12 cell dense core vesicles. J Neurochem 93: 11221131. 53. Omiatek DM, Dong Y, Heien ML, Ewing AG Only a Fraction of Quantal Content is Released For the duration of Exocytosis as Revealed by Electrochemical Cytometry of Secretory Vesicles. ACS Chem Neurosci 1: 234245. 54. Sudhof TC Calcium manage of neurotransmitter release. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 4: a011353. 55. Mohrmann R, de Wit H, Verhage M, Neher E, Srensen JB Fast vesicle fusion in living cells requires at the least 3 SNARE complexes. Science 330: 502 525. 56. Mohrmann R, de Wit H, Connell E, Pinheiro PS, 15857111 Leese C et al. Synaptotagmin interaction with SNAP-25 governs vesicle docking, priming, and fusion triggering. J Neurosci 2013 33: 1441714430. 57. Grumolato L, Elkahloun AG, G.